The UK's Brexit fuck-up was somewhat different in that the referendum didn't have clear rules or objectives. No minimum majority was specified (e.g. referendum will often specify that there has to be >5% majority) and the "Brexit" was not at all specified which meant years of arguments about "soft" or "hard" Brexit.

I voted Remain, and it's not entirely fair to say that all pro-Brexiters were racist, but the racists did certainly vote that way.